CS2 Lewis Structure in 6 Steps (With Images)

So you have seen the above image by now, right?

Let me explain the above image in short.

CS2 lewis structure has a Carbon atom (C) at the center which is surrounded by two Sulfur atoms (S). There are 2 double bonds between the Carbon atom (C) and each Sulfur atom (S). There are 2 lone pairs on both the Sulfur atoms (S).

If you haven’t understood anything from the above image of CS2 (carbon disulfide) lewis structure, then just stick with me and you will get the detailed step by step explanation on drawing a lewis structure of CS2.

So let’s move to the steps of drawing the lewis structure of CS2.

Steps of drawing CS2 lewis structure

Step 1: Find the total valence electrons in CS2 molecule

In order to find the total valence electrons in CS2 (carbon disulfide) molecule, first of all you should know the valence electrons present in carbon atom as well as sulfur atom.
(Valence electrons are the electrons that are present in the outermost orbit of any atom.)

Here, I’ll tell you how you can easily find the valence electrons of carbon as well as sulfur using a periodic table.

Total valence electrons in CS2 molecule

→ Valence electrons given by carbon atom:

Carbon is group 14 element on the periodic table. ^[1] Hence the valence electrons present in carbon is 4.

You can see the 4 valence electrons present in the carbon atom as shown in the above image.

→ Valence electrons given by sulfur atom:

Sulfur is a group 16 element on the periodic table. ^[2] Hence the valence electrons present in sulfur is 6.

You can see the 6 valence electrons present in the sulfur atom as shown in the above image.

Hence, 

Total valence electrons in CS2 molecule = valence electrons given by 1 carbon atom + valence electrons given by 2 sulfur atoms = 4 + 6(2) = 16.

Step 2: Select the central atom

For selecting the center atom, you have to remember that the atom which is less electronegative remains at the center.

Now here the given molecule is CS2 (carbon disulfide) and it contains carbon atom (C) and sulfur atoms (S).

You can see the electronegativity values of carbon atom (C) and sulfur atom (S) in the above periodic table.

If we compare the electronegativity values of carbon (C) and sulfur (S) then the carbon atom is less electronegative.

So here the carbon atom (C) is the center atom and the sulfur atoms (S) are the outside atoms.

Step 3: Connect each atoms by putting an electron pair between them

Now in the CS2 molecule, you have to put the electron pairs between the carbon atom (C) and sulfur atoms (S).

This indicates that the carbon (C) and sulfur (S) are chemically bonded with each other in a CS2 molecule.

Step 4: Make the outer atoms stable

Now in this step, you have to check the stability of the outer atoms.

Here in the sketch of CS2 molecule, you can see that the outer atoms are sulfur atoms.

These outer sulfur atoms are forming an octet and hence they are stable. 

Also, in step 1 we have calculated the total number of valence electrons present in the CS2 molecule.

The CS2 molecule has a total 16 valence electrons and all these valence electrons are used in the above sketch of CS2.

Hence there are no remaining electron pairs to be kept on the central atom. 

So now let’s proceed to the next step.

Step 5: Check the octet on the central atom. If it does not have octet, then shift the lone pair to form a double bond or triple bond.

In this step, you have to check whether the central carbon atom (C) is stable or not.

In order to check the stability of the central carbon (C) atom, we have to check whether it is forming an octet or not.

Unfortunately, the carbon atom is not forming an octet here. Carbon has only 4 electrons and it is unstable.

Now to make this carbon atom stable, you have to shift the electron pair from the outer sulfur atom so that the carbon atom can have 8 electrons (i.e octet).

But after shifting one electron pair, the carbon atom is still not forming an octet as it has only 6 electrons. 

So again we have to shift one more electron pair from the other sulfur atom.

After shifting this electron pair, the central carbon atom will get 2 more electrons and thus its total electrons will become 8.

You can see from the above picture that the carbon atom is forming an octet.

And hence the carbon atom is stable.

Now let’s proceed to the final step to check whether the lewis structure of CS2 is stable or not.

Step 6: Check the stability of lewis structure

Now you have come to the final step in which you have to check the stability of lewis structure of CS2.

The stability of lewis structure can be checked by using a concept of formal charge.

In short, now you have to find the formal charge on carbon (C) atom as well as sulfur (S) atoms present in the CS2 molecule.

For calculating the formal charge, you have to use the following formula;

Formal charge = Valence electrons – (Bonding electrons)/2 – Nonbonding electrons

You can see the number of bonding electrons and nonbonding electrons for each atom of CS2 molecule in the image given below.

For Carbon (C) atom:
Valence electrons = 4 (because carbon is in group 14)
Bonding electrons = 8
Nonbonding electrons = 0

For Sulfur (S) atom:
Valence electrons = 6 (because sulfur is in group 16)
Bonding electrons = 4
Nonbonding electrons = 4

Formal charge	=	Valence electrons	–	(Bonding electrons)/2	–	Nonbonding electrons
C	=	4	–	8/2	–	0	=	0
S	=	6	–	4/2	–	4	=	0

From the above calculations of formal charge, you can see that the carbon (C) atom as well as sulfur (S) atom has a “zero” formal charge.

This indicates that the above lewis structure of CS2 is stable and there is no further change in the above structure of CS2.

In the above lewis dot structure of CS2, you can also represent each bonding electron pair (:) as a single bond (|). By doing so, you will get the following lewis structure of CS2.

I hope you have completely understood all the above steps.

For more practice and better understanding, you can try other lewis structures listed below.

Try (or at least See) these lewis structures for better understanding:

PH3 lewis structure	NO lewis structure
N2O lewis structure	CH3OH lewis structure
PCl3 lewis structure	BCl3 lewis structure