XeO2F2 Lewis Structure in 5 Steps (With Images)

So you have seen the above image by now, right?

Let me explain the above image in short.

XeO2F2 lewis structure has a Xenon atom (Xe) at the center which is surrounded by two Oxygen atoms (O) and two Fluorine atoms (F). There are single bonds between the Xenon & Fluorine atoms and double bonds between the Xenon & Oxygen atoms. There is 1 lone pair on Xenon atom (Xe), 2 lone pairs on Oxygen atoms (O) and 3 lone pairs on Fluorine atoms (F).

If you haven’t understood anything from the above image of XeO2F2 lewis structure, then just stick with me and you will get the detailed step by step explanation on drawing a lewis structure of XeO2F2 molecule.

So let’s move to the steps of drawing the lewis structure of XeO2F2.

Steps of drawing XeO2F2 lewis structure

Step 1: Find the total valence electrons in XeO2F2 molecule

In order to find the total valence electrons in XeO2F2 molecule, first of all you should know the valence electrons present in xenon atom, oxygen atom as well as fluorine atom.
(Valence electrons are the electrons that are present in the outermost orbit of any atom.)

Here, I’ll tell you how you can easily find the valence electrons of xenon, oxygen as well as fluorine using a periodic table.

Total valence electrons in XeO2F2 molecule

→ Valence electrons given by xenon atom:

Xenon is a group 18 element on the periodic table. ^[1] Hence the valence electrons present in xenon is 8.

You can see the 8 valence electrons present in the xenon atom as shown in the above image.

→ Valence electrons given by oxygen atom:

Oxygen is group 16 element on the periodic table. ^[2] Hence the valence electrons present in oxygen is 6.

You can see the 6 valence electrons present in the oxygen atom as shown in the above image.

→ Valence electrons given by fluorine atom:

Fluorine is group 17 element on the periodic table. ^[3] Hence the valence electron present in fluorine is 7.

You can see the 7 valence electrons present in the fluorine atom as shown in the above image.

Hence, 

Total valence electrons in XeO2F2 molecule = valence electrons given by 1 xenon atom + valence electrons given by 2 oxygen atoms + valence electrons given by 2 fluorine atoms = 8 + 6(2) + 7(2) = 34.

Step 2: Select the central atom

For selecting the center atom, you have to remember that the atom which is less electronegative remains at the center.

Now here the given molecule is XeO2F2 and it contains xenon atom (Xe), oxygen atoms (O) and fluorine atoms (F).

You can see the electronegativity values of xenon atom (Xe), oxygen atom (O) and fluorine atom (F) in the above periodic table.

If we compare the electronegativity values of xenon (Xe), oxygen (O) and fluorine (F) then the xenon atom is less electronegative.

So here the xenon atom (Xe) is the center atom and the oxygen atoms (O) & fluorine atoms (F) are the outside atoms.

Step 3: Connect each atoms by putting an electron pair between them

Now in the XeO2F2 molecule, you have to put the electron pairs between the xenon-oxygen atoms and xenon-fluorine atoms.

This indicates that these atoms are chemically bonded with each other in a XeO2F2 molecule.

Step 4: Make the outer atoms stable. Place the remaining valence electrons pair on the central atom.

Now in this step, you have to check the stability of the outer atoms.

Here in the sketch of XeO2F2 molecule, you can see that the outer atoms are oxygen atoms (O) and fluorine atoms (F).

These outer oxygen atoms and fluorine atoms are forming an octet and hence they are stable.

Also, in step 1 we have calculated the total number of valence electrons present in the XeO2F2 molecule.

The XeO2F2 molecule has a total 34 valence electrons and out of these, only 32 valence electrons are used in the above sketch.

So the number of electrons which are left = 34 – 32 = 2.

You have to put these 2 electrons on the central xenon atom in the above sketch of XeO2F2 molecule.

Now let’s proceed to the next step.

Step 5: Check the stability of lewis structure

Now you have come to the final step in which you have to check the stability of lewis structure of XeO2F2 molecule.

The stability of lewis structure can be checked by using a concept of formal charge.

In short, now you have to find the formal charge on xenon (Xe) atom, oxygen (O) atoms as well as fluorine (F) atoms present in the XeO2F2 molecule.

For calculating the formal charge, you have to use the following formula;

Formal charge = Valence electrons – (Bonding electrons)/2 – Nonbonding electrons

You can see the number of bonding electrons and nonbonding electrons for each atom of XeO2F2 molecule in the image given below.

For Xenon (Xe) atom:
Valence electrons = 8 (because xenon is in group 18)
Bonding electrons = 8
Nonbonding electrons = 2

For Oxygen (O) atom:
Valence electrons = 6 (because oxygen is in group 16)
Bonding electrons = 2
Nonbonding electrons = 6

For Fluorine (F) atom:
Valence electrons = 7 (because fluorine is in group 17)
Bonding electrons = 2
Nonbonding electrons = 6

Formal charge	=	Valence electrons	–	(Bonding electrons)/2	–	Nonbonding electrons
Xe	=	8	–	8/2	–	2	=	+2
O	=	6	–	2/2	–	6	=	-1
F	=	7	–	2/2	–	6	=	0

From the above calculations of formal charge, you can see that the xenon (Xe) atom has +2 charge while the two oxygen atoms have -1 charge.

So let’s keep these charges on the respective atoms of the XeO2F2 molecule.

The above image shows that the lewis structure of XeO2F2 is not stable.

So we have to minimize these charges by shifting the electron pair from the oxygen atom to the xenon atom.

After shifting the electron pair from the oxygen atoms to the xenon atom, the charges on xenon and two oxygen atoms become zero. And this is a more stable lewis structure. (see below image).

In the above lewis dot structure of XeO2F2, you can also represent each bonding electron pair (:) as a single bond (|). By doing so, you will get the following lewis structure of XeO2F2.

I hope you have completely understood all the above steps.

For more practice and better understanding, you can try other lewis structures listed below.

Try (or at least See) these lewis structures for better understanding:

S2Cl2 Lewis Structure	N2O5 Lewis Structure
BeBr2 Lewis Structure	CSe2 Lewis Structure
BrCl Lewis Structure	AsCl3 Lewis Structure